People v. Ford

Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Monroe County (Alex R. Renzi, J.), rendered September 12, 2012. The judgment convicted defendant, upon a jury verdict, of assault in the second degree.

It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.

Defendant failed to preserve for our review his challenge to the legal sufficiency of the evidence inasmuch as his motion for a trial order of dismissal was not “ ‘specifically directed’ ” at the alleged error now raised on appeal (People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10 , 19 [1995]; see People v Simmons, 133 AD3d 1227 , 1227 [2015]). In any event, we conclude that the evidence is legally sufficient. With respect to the element of use of a “deadly weapon or dangerous instrument” (Penal Law § 120.05 [2]), an expert physician testified that the victim’s wounds were consistent with a cut from a sharp object, but not consistent with a tear, and the People introduced photographs of those wounds. Although none of the eyewitnesses observed defendant or the unidentified man use or possess a weapon, we conclude that the circumstantial evidence is legally sufficient to establish that the victim suffered no fewer than five wounds caused by a dangerous instrument (see People v Robinson, 288 AD2d 887 , 888 [2001], affd 98 NY2d 755 [2002]; People v Dilly, 84 AD3d 1110 , 1111 [2011], lv denied 17 NY3d 858 [2011]). We further conclude that the evidence is legally sufficient to establish that defendant intentionally aided the unidentified man in causing the victim physical injury by means of a dangerous instrument (see § 20.00). Regardless whether defendant was initially aware of the presence of a sharp object, his “continued participation in the assault [is] sufficient to support the conclusion that he intentionally aided in the assault with a dangerous instrument” (People v Gurgov, 129 AD3d 989 , 990 [2015]). Furthermore, viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crime of assault in the second degree as an accessory as charged to the jury (see People v Danielson, 9 NY3d 342 , 349 [2007]), we conclude that the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence (see generally People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490 , 495 [1987]).

We agree with defendant that Supreme Court erred in denying his request for an adverse inference charge based on the People’s failure to produce the surveillance video of the interior of the bar (see People v Handy, 20 NY3d 663 , 669 [2013]; People v Butler, 140 AD3d 1610 , 1612 [2016], lv denied 28 NY3d 969 [2016]). Nevertheless, we conclude that the error is harmless

Present — Carni, J.P., Lindley, DeJoseph, Troutman and Scud-der, JJ.