County of Kern v. Fay

The defendant Fay was the district attorney of Kern county from the first Monday of January, 1895, to the first Monday of January, 1899, and the other defendants were sureties on his official bond as required by law.

The action is to recover the sum of six hundred and thirty dollars, moneys alleged to have been collected by the defendant Fay as such district attorney, and to have been unlawfully re-r famed by him.

After a demurrer of the defendant Fay to the complaint had been overruled, he filed an answer containing a general denial of the allegations in plaintiffs complaint. For the purpose of the trial the facts were stipulated and findings waived. The appeal is taken from the judgment entered in favor of the plaintiff on said stipulated facts. Two questions are presented by appellants on the appeal.

It is contended: 1. That the court erred in overruling the demurrer to the complaint; 2. That the evidence in said cause is insufficient to justify the decision rendered. As the complaint sets forth and alleges substantially the same facts as contained in the stipulation of the parties, the demurrer was properly overruled, if the stipulated facts are sufficient to sustain

In retaining the money in question so collected, the appellant Fay relies upon section 3553 of the Political Code, which reads as follows: “The district attorney is entitled to receive ten dollars for each suit brought, to be taxed as costs.” This section is found in the article of said code entitled “Proceedings Against Delinquent Purchasers.” (Pol. Code, secs. 3546-56.) The codes went into eflect the 1st of January, 1873. Some of the sections in the article in question have been amended since, but such amendments do not affect the question under consideration.

In the earlier history of the state it-seems to have been the policy of the law to compensate county officials mostly, and in many cases entirely, by fees collected for the work performed. Sheriffs collected and kept the mileage earned in civil cases, and the counties paid them mileage in criminal cases. County clerks collected and retained fees for each instrument filed, each notice given, and each record or copy made. The same was

By the constitution of 1878-79 it was intended to make an entire change in the mode of compensating such officers for their services, and to abolish the fee system. The legislature is required by general uniform laws to provide for the election and appointment in the several counties of boards of supervisors, sheriffs, county clerks, district attorneys, and such other officers as public convenience may require. “It shall regulate the compensation of all such officers, in proportion to duties, and for 'this purpose may classify the counties by population; and it shall provide for the strict accountability of county and township officers for all fees which may be collected by them, and for all public and municipal moneys which may be paid to them, or officially come into their possession.” (Const., art. XI, sec. 5.) To carry out this mandate of the constitution, the legislature, in 1883, passed a county government act. (Stats. 1883, p. 299.) This act revised the whole subject of the duties of county officers, and provides for classifying the different counties by population for the purpose of regulating compensation. Generally speaking, the manner of compensating officers is completely changed. Fees collected go to the treasury, and. officers get flat salaries. It contains some forty odd classes. The opening paragraph of each section at the beginning of each class reads something like this: “In counties of the -class the county officers shall receive as compensation for their services required by law, or by virtue of their office, the following salaries, to wit.” Several county government acts have been passed since the first, in 1883. Defendant Fay was acting as district attorney under the act passed in 1893. (Stats. 1893, p. 346.) This contains a classification - -of counties, as did the former acts on the same subject, and the county of Kern belongs to the thirty-fifth class. “In counties of the thirty-fifth class, the county officers shall receive as compensation for the services required of them by law the following salaries, to wit.” (County Government Act 1893, sec. 197.) Then follows a list of the count)1- officers of said class, with their respective salaries, and to the district attorneys a salary of two thousand dollars per annum. Section 216 reads: “The salari

As to the office of district attorney, it is nowhere otherwise provided in said act. On the other hand, in the section defining the duties of the district attorney, it is declared that he must, “on the first Monday of each month, file with the auditor an account, verified by his oath, of all moneys received by him in his official capacity during the preceding month, and at the same time pay them over to the county treasurer.” (County Government Act 1893, sec. 136; Stats. 1893, p. 380.) It would seem quite clear that under the provisions of the County Government Act of 1893, .the district attorney is not permitted to retain for his own use any moneys collected by him in his official capacity; that the salary prescribed by said act is intended to compensate said officer in full for all services rendered by him. Changing the rule for compensating the district attorney so that he may not retain any fees collected to his own use, does not necessarily repeal section 3553 of the Political Code in reference to the costs, including an attorney’s fee, collectible in suits of the character that were prosecuted in this case. It would be immaterial, however, whether that section were repealed or not; the money in this case was collected by appellant, Fay, in his official capacity as district attorney, and he cannot now be heard to say that it was paid to him illegally, and that he, therefore, has a right to retain it. (People v. Hamilton, 103 Cal. 488 ; McKee v. Monterey County, 51 Cal. 275 ; People v. Bunker, 70 Cal. 212 .)

Judgment affirmed.

Garoutte, J., and Harrison, J., concurred.