p. 414Appeal from the Twelfth District.
, This action was brought to recover, the amount of certain reward^ offered by the defendant, for the arrest and delivery to the. authorT ities of Amador county of certain persons charged with the prime of murder. The persons alleged to . have earned and become, entitled to the rewards were the plaintiff Isaac Treadway, and Jesse Ó. Goodwin. Goodwin assigned his interest in the contract to the plaintiff Rochester. On the trial before a referee, Goodwin was offered: as a. witness .on behalf of the plaintiffs. The defendants objected, on the ground that he .was incompetent by reason- of- his being. the assignor'.of the contract. The referee overruled the objection and .held .the.witness, competent, to which - the defendants excepted. The witness was then sworn and gave material testh mony. The referee reported in favor of the plaintiffs.-. The. Court below set aside the report of the referee and granted a new trial, on the ground that Goodwin was not a competent" witness. , -From this order the plaintiffs appeal.
D. Lake, for Appellants.
The demand sued on is a contract in writing; it became such upon the acceptance of defendants’ offer and the performance of the services. (Ryer v. Stockwell, 14 Cal. 138 .) The demand is not unliquidated, because the amount to be paid is fixed. Goodwin was a competent witness. (Gray v. Garrison, 9 Cal. 325 .)Byrne & Freelon, for Respondents.
]The demand sued' on is an “ account,” and therefore Goodwin ,was an incompetent witness. (Practice Act, sec. 4,; Web-Die. Account.;". Burr’s.f Law Die. Account.) An account., may, consist of one item or several—may be liquidated or not. In Gray v. Garrison (9 Cal.) the decision goes upon the ground that the claim was liquidated—the parties having met after the services were -performed, fixed upon the amount, and mutually, agreed to-take'and pay the same. Here the performance of the service itself is defied, the original indebtedness- is denied, and. they rest in proof.
p. 415This makes the demand an account. The position of appellants that the demand is a contract does not avail, because, although the offer of the reward becomes a contract after acceptance and performance of the service, still without the service, performed there can be no contract; and to prove this service by Goodwin, at the same time proves the contract.Cope, J. concurring.
The demand for which this action is brought is not an unliquidated demand within the meaning of the fourth section of the Practice Act. Its amount is fixed by the terms of the proposition made by the defendants, and of course there was no occasion for any estimate of the value of the services rendered. There is nothing in the transaction between the parties requiring the amount due, after the rendition of the services, to be liquidated. Nor is the demand an account within the meaning of the section in question. The assignor Goodwin was therefore a competent witness, and his testimony was properly admitted by the referee. The order setting aside the report and granting a new trial, on the ground that his testimony was improperly taken, is therefore erroneous, and must be reversed.
Ordered accordingly.