Burritt v. Santa Barbara Trust Co.

This is an appeal from an order granting a new trial after verdict in favor of contestant in a will contest.

Respondent herein offered for probate a document purporting to he the last will and testament of William G. Waters, deceased. Appellant appeared to oppose the probate of the document, alleging that at the time of its execution

[1] The general rule is that a duly perfected appeal divests the trial court of further jurisdiction in the cause. It is also true that this rule does not operate to divest the court of jurisdiction to hear and determine questions arising in proceedings independent of and collateral to the proceeding wherein the judgment or order appealed from was rendered. The single question presented for our consideration is whether or not the motion for a new trial in the instant case was an independent and collateral proceeding.

At common law the motion for a new trial was made before the rendition of the judgment. It was in direct line of the judgment and was in no sense an independent and collateral proceeding. The provisions of the code as they stood before the amendments of 1915 indicated a fundamental change from the common-law system. Provision was made for the making of the motion for a new trial after the rendition of the judgment. There was no provision fixing the time within which the motion was to be heard and determined. The only limitation in this regard was the general one applicable to all proceedings that it must be

The system of new trial and appeal established by the code sections above cited was found to be anomalous, complicated, and unsatisfactory. To remedy the obvious defects of the system the code was amended in 1915. Under the code, as amended, the motion for a new trial must be made upon affidavits or upon the minutes of the court within ten days after the entry of the judgment or order, and the limit so fixed cannot be extended by order or stipulation. The hearing and disposition of the motion take precedence over all matters except criminal cases, probate matters, and matters actually on trial, and if no action is taken within three months after the entry of the judgment or order in the principal proceeding, the motion is deemed denied. Separate appeals from orders granting new trials can be had only in those cases where a jury trial has been had as a matter of right. (Code Civ. Proc., (ed. 1915), secs. 658, 659, 660, 963.) The time within which to appeal is extended thirty days beyond the time of the entry of the order determining a motion for a new trial and upon the appeal from the judgment the order made on motion for a new trial may be reviewed. (Code Civ. Proc., secs. 939, 956.)

The question presented in the briefs is whether or not the sections as amended evidence an intent on the part of the legislature to reintegrate the proceeding on motion for a

Section 1312 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that where a will is contested and the petitioner files an answer traversing or otherwise obviating or avoiding the contestant’s objection, “Any issues of fact thus raised, involving: 1. The competency of the decedent to make a last will and testament. . . . Must, on request of either party in writing (filed at least ten days prior to the day set for the hearing), be tried by a jury. If no jury is demanded, the court must try and determine the issues joined.” It, therefore, appears that the issues in the principal proceeding in the instant case were such that a jury trial was a matter of right. It further appears that a jury trial was in fact had and that an order was entered granting a new trial. Section 963 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that “an appeal taay be taken from a superior court in the following cases: ... 2. Prom an order granting a new trial in an action or proceeding tried by a jury where such trial by jury is a matter of right ...” It follows that a separate appeal from the order granting a new trial is authorized by the code in the instant ease. The proceeding on the-motion is, therefore, in this instance, distinct from and independent of the principal proceeding. [3] The perfection of the appeal from the order denying the probate of the purported will of William G. Waters did not, therefore, divest the court of jurisdiction to hear and determine the motion.

Wilbur, J., and Melvin, J., concurred.

Hearing in Bank denied.

In denying a hearing in Bank, the court filed the following opinion on December 22, 1919:

In denying a rehearing we deem it proper to say that we are entirely satisfied that in no case does the fact that an appeal has been taken from a judgment operate to divest thé trial court of power to entertain and determine a motion for a new trial in the matter in which the judgment was given. The amendments of 1915 have, in no respect, changed our established law in this regard. The opinion in Department was correct in holding that this is true at least in so far as cases in which a separate appeal from the order is expressly provided are concerned. The exigencies of this case were not such as to require the court to go further, but in order that the practice in trial courts may not be thrown into confusion by a possible distinction as between cases in which a separate appeal from the order is provided, and other cases, we feel that this statement of our views should be made.

The application for a rehearing is denied.

Angellotti, C. J., Shaw, J., Wilbur, J., Lennon, J., and Olney, J., concurred.