Madson v. Cohn

This is an action to quiet title to two lots in the residential district of Bakersfield, based upon a claim of adverse possession. The title to the property was

The only question raised by this appeal is as to whether or not adverse possession was established by the respondent, which, in turn, depends upon whether the finding just referred to is sustained by the evidence. While it appears that the respondent paid the remaining installments of the sidewalk assessment and paid all taxes after January 21, 1920, the only evidence as to possession or occupancy is as follow's: The respondent visited the property from four to six times a year at which times he “looked around; figured on a few things to do w'ith it”. During 1925 or 1926 the father of respondent, at his request, planted two rose bushes between the sidewalk and the curb and four trees just inside the sidew'alk. These trees were "watered during two summers and were then broken down and killed by some boys who used the lot for a ball ground. The only other evidence of work or cultivation done on the place was that during one year the foxtail was cleaned off the lots.

• The necessary requirements for establishing a claim of adverse possession, under a color of title, are set forth in section 322 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and include “a continued occupation and possession of the property”. Such possession and occupation is further defined in section 323 of this code. The general rules applying, where it is sought to establish adverse possession, are thus laid down in Unger v. Mooney, 63 Cal. 586 [ 49 Am. Rep. 100 ] :

“The adverse character of the possession must in every case be manifested to the owner. The owner must be notified, in some way, that the possession is hostile to his claim, or the statute does not operate on his right. (See remarks, in opinion, in Thompson v. Pioche, 44 Cal. 517 , 518; Trustees etc. Town of Fort [East] Hampton v. Kirk, 84 N. Y. 220 [ 38 Am. Rep. 505 ]; Culver v. Rhodes, 87 N. Y. 354 ; Abell v. Harris, 11 Gill & J. (Md.) 371, per Dorsey, J.) As was said in the case cited from 84 N. Y., per Andrews, J., ‘the object of the statute defining the acts essential to constitute an adverse possession is, that the real owner may, by unequivocal acts of the disseizor, have notice of the hostile claim and be thereby called upon to assert his legal title5. Hence, an open and notorious occupation with hostile intent is a necessary constituent of an adverse possession. Neither a hostile intent without such occupation, nor such occupation without hostile intent, is sufficient.”

In Stanley v. Westover, 93 Cal. App. 97 [ 269 Pac. 468 , 473], the court said: “One of the elements necessary to constitute adverse possession is that the adverse claimant must have been in the actual possession of the real property for a continuous period of five years.”

In Eddy v. Demichelis, 100 Cal. App. 517 [ 280 Pac. 389 , 390], it is said: “The presumption of ownership is with the paper title. Clear evidence is necessary to overcome this presumption. The adverse claim of right must not only exist in the .mind of the claimant but must be proven to have been communicated in some way to the owner so that his failure to object may be taken against him as an acknowledgment of or acquiescence in the right claimed.” (Citing cases.)

Applying these rules to the ease before us, we are forced to the conclusion that the evidence in this case does not show such a continued occupation and possession as is required by the statute, and that the finding in that regard is not supported by the evidence.

The judgment is reversed.

Marks, J., and Jennings, J., concurred.