Riley v. Superior Court

In these proceedings, petitioners seek to set aside an order vacating a dismissal filed by the clerk in an action brought in the Superior Court of Orange County and to restrain the trial court from taking any further proceedings in said action.

The complaint, for declaratory relief, was filed in Orange County on November 15, 1951. Defendant filed a demurrer

It is conceded that plaintiffs had the right to dismiss the action under the provisions of section 581 of the Code of Civil Procedure, provided that no affirmative relief was sought by defendant in her answer and the principal question involved herein is whether such relief is sought therein.

It is alleged in the complaint, among other things, that defendant claims to own solely and exclusively an undivided one-half interest in and to real property known as the Riley Building (particularly described in the complaint) and all of three parcels of real property described on “Schedule 3” (attached to the complaint) free and clear of any rights of plaintiffs or interests therein; that said claim is without right and plaintiffs are and of right ought to be the owners of and entitled to an undivided one-third of an undivided one-half interest in the Riley Building and an undivided one-third interest in the property described in Schedule 3; that defendant holds the same in trust for the plaintiffs and that plaintiffs are entitled to one-third of the rentals received from the Riley Building.

In the answer filed by the defendant Portia A. Riley it is alleged, among other things, that by virtue of a devise to her in the last will of Chester J. Riley she is the owner of an undivided one-half interest in the Riley Building, free and clear of any claims, demands or rights of the plaintiffs. The answer sets forth the will and agreement under which she claims title and it also alleges that the agreements under which plaintiffs were claiming title had been set aside and terminated by a later agreement between the parties. In the prayer in her answer, defendant seeks a court decree that she is entitled to the estate of Chester J. Riley in accordance with the terms and provisions of his last will and

Petitioners next claim that the superior court action here involved stands dismissed and the attempt of the lower court to decide it upon its merits is in excess of its jurisdiction. In this connection, the case of Biggs v. Biggs, 103 Cal.App. 2d 741 [ 230 P.2d 32 ], is cited. It is there held that the entry of an order for dismissal in the clerk’s register has the effect of a final judgment and that a judgment can be nullified by the court which rendered it only: (1) On motion for a new trial; (2) by a motion under the provisions of section 473 of the Code of Civil Procedure; (3) by motion therefor at any time where the judgment is void on its face. However, the county clerk, in entering the order for dismissal, acts in a mere ministerial capacity and exercises no judicial function. In exercising the power conferred, he is required to conform strictly to the provisions of the statute or his proceedings will be without binding force and any judgment entered by him will be void. (Baird v. Smith, 216 Cal. 408 , 410 [ 14 P.2d 749 ]; Burtnett v. King, 33 Cal.2d 805 , 808 [ 205 P.2d 657 , 12 A.L.R.2d 333 ].) Since affirmative relief was sought in the answer filed by defendant, the dismissal was without authority and void. As is said in Olivera v. Grace, 19 Cal.2d 570 , 574 [ 122 P.2d 564 , 140 A.L.R. 1328 ] : “. . . a court has inherent power, apart from statute, to correct its records by vacating a judgment which is void on its face, for such a judgment is a nullity and may be ignored. (People v. Greene, 74 Cal. 400 [ 16 P. 197 , 5 Am.St.Rep. 448 ]; 126 A.L.R. 968 ; 31 Am.Jur. 298; 14 Cal.Jur. 1023, 1024.)”

In the instant case we conclude that the trial court properly set aside and vacated the dismissal. The writ is denied.

Barnard, P. J., and Griffin, J., concurred.