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Noble v. Cornell

1 Hilt. 98 Court N.Y.C.P. English

Delivered by INGRAHAM, First Judge.

Contents

Majority

p. 98
James Noble v. Thomas Cornell.

Headnote

jjgtoro a note is made for the purpose of procuring a loan of money thereon, and it is delivered upon the agreement that the loan shall be made in bank notes of a foreign corporation, of a denomination loss than $5, which the maker is to keep in circulation until tho payment of the note, the note is not void if the agreement is not carried out, but the advance actually made upon the note is made in city funds.
A loan made by a foreign corporation upon a note, of tho whole amount thereof, without deducting or receiving any discount, is not within the provisions of the statute restraining foreign corporations from discounting notes in tins state.
[n an action upon such a note, evidence, that the foreign corporation to whom it was given was in the habit of discounting- notes in this state, is inadmissible. To render such evidence proper, it must first appear that the note in suit was so discounted.
[n an action upon such a note against the endorser by the endorsee of the corporation who made the advance upon it, it is no defence that the endorsement was .made for a special purpose, and the note has been diverted therefrom, unless it also appear that tho original holders wore aware of the circumstances prior to making- the advance.
.Appeal by defendant from a judgment entered on a report of a referee. This was an action on a promissory note against the defendant as endorser. The defence was tbrec-fold.
1st. That the endorsement was made without consideration, and that the note was diverted from tbe purpose for which it was made.
2d. That tho note was made by the makers, H. Wilbur & Co., and passed by them, with two other notes, to the Meriden
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Agency Company, upon the agreement that they wore to furnish therefor, to the makers, bills of the City Bank of Cape May, New Jersey, of the denomination of one, two, three and five dollars, which bills were to be stamped so as to be recognized, and were to be kept in circulation by Wilbur & Co. until the notes were paid, and that this agreement rendered the notes void under the provisions of the Revised Statutes relative to unauthorized banking, contained in 2 R. S. (4th ed.), p. 118, and post.
3d.- That it was discounted by the Meriden Agency Company, a foreign corporation; that they kept an office in the city of New York for the purpose of discounting paper; that this was contrary to the same provisions, and rendered the notes void^
The cause was tried before a referee, who reported in favor of the plaintiff. The following extract from his report states the facts material to the case.
“ I further find and report,' that the said note was, together with two other notes, made by H. Wilbur & Co., and endorsed by the defendant, the three together amounting to six thousand dollars, delivered to the Meriden Agency Company, a corporation with banking powers, doing business in the state of Connecticut, in pursuance of an agreement made by and between Curtis L. North, (he president of said company, and Henry Wilbur, of the said firm of H. Wilbur & Co., by which agreement the said company were to furnish to said Wilbur the amount of said notes, less a discount at the rate of six per cent, per annum, in the bank bills of the City Bank of Cape May, a banking institution situated in and doing business under the laws of the state of New Jersey, of the denomination of one, two, three and five dollars, which bills were current in the city of New York at a discount of one-quarter of one per cent., and were redeemed from time to time at the office of J. II. Washburn, in said city, the agent in said city of said Meriden Agency Company, the bills-so to be furnished to said Wilbur to be marked and identified and circulated by him in the state of New York, and as fast as redeemed by said Washburn to be taken up by said Wilbur
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from time to time, with funds current at par in the city of New York; that this arrangement was to continue for one year, and the said notes, given by said H. Wilbur & Co., were to be receded from time to time during said year; that the said notes were endorsed by the defendant, Cornell, without consideration, and for the accommodation of the makers, and with a view to said proposed arrangement. I further find and report, that the said arrangement was never executed, but the full amount of said three notes was paid to said Wilbur in funds of banks in the city of New York.”
It further appeared by the bvidence that the amount paid for the notes was equal to their face, that no interest was deducted, ai^that the payment was made after the notes had run some time. The note was passed to the present plaintiff by the Meri-den Agency Company.
The defendant offered evidence to show that the Meriden Agency were engaged in the business of discounting paper as a business, in.this state, in violation of the statute, but the evidence was excluded. Judgment was perfected on the referee’s report in favor of the plaintiff, and the defendant appealed therefrom.
John TB. Burrill, for the appellant.
I. The note was made, endorsed and delivered to the Meriden Agency Company in pursuance of an illegal agreement to circulate the bills of the City Bank of Cape May, under the denomination of $5, in the state of New York, in violation of the statute, and was therefore void in the hands of that company, and of any persons claiming through them. Pratt v. Adams, 7 Paige, 615; Bank of Chenango v. Curtisf 19 John. 826 ; 2 R. S. (4th ed.) 119, §§ 11, 12, 13.
II. The illegality of the contract, under which the note was made and'delivered, was not waived, nor the contract. legalized by the fact that the notes were subsequently otherwise paid foiv Be Groot v. Van Buzar, 20 Wend. 390 -395.
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III. Tbe note in suit was discounted by tbe Meriden Agency Company, in violation of tbe statute prohibiting foreign corporations from discounting notes witbin tbe state. 2 R. S. (4th ed.) 118, § 3-5, and 6-9; p. 698, § 2.
IV. Tbe note was endorsed without consideration, and waa diverted from tbe purpose for which it was given.
William 17. Leonard, for tbe respondent..

Three grounds of appeal are presented to us in this case:

1st. That tbe note was void because it was made in pursuance of an illegal agreement to circulate tbe bills of tbe City 3Gbpk of Cape May, in New Jersey, in violation of tbe statute.

2d. That the note was discounted by tbe Meriden Agency Company of Connecticut, in violation of tbe restraining act.

And, 3d, That tbe note rvas diverted from tbe purpose for which it was endorsed by tbe defendant.

I think it is a sufficient answer to tbe first objection, that, although such was tbe original agreement, it was never carried out. The notes never were delivered in pursuance of it, but, when tbe money was advanced, it urns New York funds. Whatever agreement was afterwards made, as to the payment of those drafts, would not affect tbe right to recover tbe money advanced upon the notes as a loan.

That amount was' a debt due to tbe company, and tbe transfer of tbe notes by tbe Meriden Agency Company to tbe plaintiff entitled them to receive the amount so loaned. Tbe referee has found that the agreement originally made never was carried out by tbe parties, but that tbe full amount of tbe notes was paid in New York funds.

There was no discount of this paper at all. The Meriden Company advanced upon tbe notes a sum equal to tbe whole face of the notes, although they bad some time to run before pa}''ment. In fact, they advanced more than tbe notes were worth, inasmuch as they must have lost the accruing interest from the

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time of the loan to the day of payment. The statute does not prohibit the loan of money; it only applies to discounts of notes or evidences of debt. An advance upon a note cf a sum of money equal to the face of it, without deducting any interest, or receiving ánjr payment of interest, is not a discount of a note within the meaning of the statute.

The third objection is, I think, equally unavailing. Admitting that the defendant had endorsed the note under the agreement for circulating the bills, as stated, and that the passing of ■ the notes to North, as security for a loan of $6,000 upon them, Was a diversion of the note that might relieve the defendant from liability, still, there is no evidence to show that North, to advancing the money for the Meriden Company upon the notes, had any knowledge that Cornell’s endorsement was an accommodation endorsement, or that it was madé on any such condition. So far as Cornell was concerned, the Meriden Gompany were Iona fide holders for value, and as such they could transfer to the plaintiff all the rights they had, which entitled him to recover whether he was a bona fide holder or not.

I think, also, the questions put to the witnesses, as to the business of the Meriden Company in this city, were properly excluded. Inasmuch as there was no discount of the paper, the object of the evidence so offered became immaterial. Even if the evidence was admissible to show that the company were in the habit of discounting notes in New York, that evidence could not affect a note in their possession which had never been discounted by them.' Before such evidence could, under any cir-cumstatices, be available to the defendant as a defence, it should appear that the note had been discounted by the company.

Judgment affirmed.

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