People ex rel. March v. Beam

The village of East Rochester, Monroe county, recently incorporated, held its first election of officers on the 13th of Yovember, 1906. At that election there was but one official ballot prepared by the clerk for the use of the electors, upon which appeared the name of the relator, Henry 0. March, as a candidate for president; also the names of two trustees, one for a short term and the other for a long term, a treasurer and a collector. This ballot contained as a party emblem the wood cut of a house; also on the right side, as required by law, a blank column, with spaces for the names of the five candidates, and a notice to the voter that under the title of the office he could insert the name of any person for whom he desired to vote. This ticket was called the “ People’s Ticket.”

On the morning of election a large number of unofficial

One Frank C. Hamilton swears that at the opening of the polls at such election he objected to the use by the inspectors of any but the official ballots furnished by the village clerk; that at the same time there was handed to the inspectors a package of unofficial ballots, and that such ballots -were so handed to the electors by the inspectors over his protest; that he observed the inspectors received both kinds of ballots, according to the choice of the elector, and deposited them in the box for the reception of ballots and the stubs in the box prepared for the stubs taken from ballots legally voted. He also swears that at the close of the election, before any ballots were opened and before any votes were canvassed, he served upon each of the inspectors of election a written notice, addressed to the board of inspectors, and reading as follows :

“ Gentlemen.— The undersigned duly ^qualified voter of said village respectfully demands that you refrain from opening and counting the ballot box' containing unofficial ballots received by you at said election held November 13th, 1906. That in case you do open the box and canvass such, ballots, or any ballots cast for T. Joseph Mitchell and -others, then arid in that case that you endorse upon said ballots ‘ objected to because marked for identification.’ That you specify over your signatures that said ballot is objected to on the ground that it is unofficial and marked for identification by reason of it being entirely blank where endorsement is required to be made. That you return all of said unofficial ballots so-called, with the void and protested ballots, as required by section 111 of the Election Law.

“(Signed) FRANK C. HAMILTON,

“ Watcher for the People's Party”

In this condition of affairs application was made to the Special Term for a writ of peremptory mandamus. The petition for the writ asked for various forms of relief. The writ was granted, commanding the inspectors to correct their certificates of canvass, make a correct certificate of the result of the election by deducting the votes counted upon the unofficial ballots, commanding that they indorse upon the unofficial ballots the statement that such ballots were objected to because marked for identification, and that they specify over their signatures that eacli of said ballots was objected to on the ground that it is unofficial and marked for identification ; and that such inspectors return all of the official ballots cast at such election, with the void and protested ballots, as required by section 111 of the Election Law, and that they make a return and canvass in all respects as required by the Election ‘Law, and that they properly proclaim the correct count and file such statement of canvass with the village clerk of the village of East Rochester in the manner required by law, and that each of said defendants do all things neces

The appellants insist that the court was without jurisdiction to issue this writ of mandamus and ask for an absolute reversal of the order granting the same. The respondent argues that the Supreme Court has full jurisdiction in the premises.

It is quite clear that the defendants are in flagrant violation of the provisions of section 111 of the Election Law. They had before them not only unofficial ballots, but the same were objected to as marked for identification. The section in question provides: “ Such inspectors shall, whenever unofficial ballots are voted, return all of such ballots in the package with the void and protested ballots. * * * Forthwith upon the completion of such original statement * * * the ballots voted, except the void and protested ballots, shall be replaced in the box from which they were taken, together with a statement as to the number of such ballots so replaced. Each such box shall be securely locked and sealed, and shall be deposited with the officer or board furnishing such boxes. They shall be preserved inviolate for six months after such election and may be opened and their contents examined upon the order of the Supreme Court or a justice thereof or a county judge of such county, and at the expiration of such time the ballots may be disposed of in the discretion of the officer or board having charge of them.” (L. 1896, eh. 909.)

These inspectors, without regard to the command of the statute which required them to return the unofficial and protested ballots in a package to the proper authorities, have caused them to be locked up and sealed with the valid ballots voted. The relator, however, seeks not only to have the ballot box unlocked under judicial order and legal scrutiny to

If any effect is to be given to the language of section 111 that the ballot boxes locked and' sealed may be opened' and their contents examined upon the order of the Supreme Cour^ or a justice thereof, or a county judge, it would seem that it was within the power of the Supreme Court in this case, notwithstanding the above decisions, to command that the ballot box containing these void, unofficial and protested ballots-should be opened and those ballots removed and placed in a package and disposed of according to the commands of said section, to the end that the proceedings authorized by section. 114 of the act maybe instituted if the relator should so desire.

If the relator sees fit hereafter to invoke any remedy that is open to linn, he is entitled, as a matter of strict legal" right, to have these void, unofficial and protested ballots removed from the ballot box wherein they are now unlawfully locked and sealed and disposed of precisely in the manner directed by section 111, as they will be the foundation for any proceeding he may elect to institute in order to secure his legal rights in the premises. It having been settled by the decisions of this court that a recount is not authorized by the Election Law, it is all the more important that if any remedy is open to a defrauded candidate it should be carefully guarded and strictly enforced.

The writ of mandamus in the case before us in so far as it

(dissenting). I must dissent from the opinion in this case. Its adoption amounts to a judicial amendment of the Election Law. The order for the writ in this case does not, as the opinion seems to assume, provide for the opening of the election ballot boxes and their examination, simply, as is permitted by section 111 of the Election Law; it undertakes to accomplish something very different, as its mere reading, even as modified by the opinion, will show. The defendants, who were the election inspectors, are, in effect, to recanvass the ballots cast at the election in accordance with the directions of the order. They are to make 'certain indorsements upon the ballots which are in the sealed ballot boxes and they are to return them separately, with a statement 'of their recount; notwithstanding that the ballot boxes are to be kept inviolate by law. The Election Law, to which the relator appeals and upon which the order for the writ, in terms, is based, in regulating the conduct of elections, provides for the issuance of the writ of mandamus in only two cases. Section 111- provides for such a writ, in review of the action of the election officers, when what is sought is the recount of the ballots which have been marked for identification, or a determination whether ballots rejected as void shall be counted. Section 111 of the Election Law, expressly, requires the ballots which have been voted to be placed in a ballot box, which is to be locked, sealed and preserved inviolate for six months after the election, and provides that they may be only opened and their contents examined when so ordered by the coprt. The only ballots, which may be brought into court through the instrumentality of a writ of mandamus, are those which, under section 111, were “secured in a separate sealed package ” as having been marked for identifica

That any inherent power resides in the court to make the order, either as it originally was made, or as the opinion modifies it, is, of course, inconceivable, when the Election Law specifiés the cases, in which the writ of mandamus may issue to review the acts of the election inspectors.

There is good reason for confining the issuance of the writ of mandamus to the cases specified in section 114. The purpose of the provision of that section and of section 111 is that the results of an election shall not be kept in doubt, nor the public mind be kept in agitation, by ill advised, or frantic, applications of defeated candidates for orders, generally, reviewing the action of the inspectors of election; whether by way of a recount of the ballots voted, or, as it will be in the present case, by ways which result iñ a recount. The formalities of the Election Law having been complied with, the result may only be con

Cullen, Ch. J., Haight, Vann and Chase, JJ., concur with Edward T. Bartlett, J.; Werner, J., concurs with Gray, J.

Ordered accordingly.