Avey v. Town of Brant — 263 N.Y. 320

Majority

p. 320

William F. Avey, Respondent, v. Town of Brant, Appellant.

(Argued January 8,1934;

decided January 16, 1934.)

p. 321

Clark H. Hammond and Robert J. Schutrum for appellant.

The complaint does not state a cause of action. (Tripler v. Mayor, 125 N. Y. 617 ; Wood v. Amory, 105 N. Y. 278 ; Hurlburt v. Durant, 88 N. Y. 121 ; Pierce v. Brown, 7 Wall. 205 ; Dunham v. Griswold, 100 N. Y. 224 ; Strong v. Grannis, 26 Barb. 122 ; Foshay v. Ferguson, 5 Hill, 154 ; Knapp v. Hyde, 60 Barb. 80 ; Slayton Realty Corp. v. Rhodes, 200 App. Div. 108 ; 234 N. Y. 515 ; Orinoco Realty Co. v. Bandler, 233 N. Y. 24 ; McPherson v. Cox, 86 N. Y. 472 ; Sprung v. Zalowitz, 232 App. Div. 471 ; Heller & Son, Inc., v. Lassner Co., 214 App. Div. 315 ; Levy Leasing Co. v. Siegel, 230 N. Y. 634 ; Hartsvill Oil Mill v. United States, 271 U. S. 43 .) No actual facts of duress are alleged to support a cause of action. (Kam

p. 322

enitsky v. Corcoran, 177 App. Div. 605 ; Crossways Apartments Corp. v. Amante, 213 App. Div. 430 ; City of New York v. Fox, 232 N. Y. 167 ; Boyden v. United States, 13 Wall. 17 ; Muzzy v. Shattuck, 1 Den. 233 ; Upshaw v. Mutual Loan Assn., 29 Misc. Rep. 143 ; Quincy v. White, 63 N. Y. 370 .)

Elijah W. Holt for respondent.

The cause of action is for the recovery of plaintiff’s moneys, extorted from him wrongfully, received and retained by defendant without right thereto, and which defendant refuses to repay after proper demand. All allegations essential to sustain such cause are alleged in the complaint, and such cause justifies the relief demanded. (Augustine v. Town of Brant, 249 N. Y. 198 ; Deshong v. City of New York, 176 N. Y. 475 ; Freeman v. Grant, 132 N. Y. 22 ; Knee v. Waist Co., 153 N. Y. Supp. 56 ; Haviland v. Willets, 141 N. Y. 35 .)

Payments coerced by duress may be recovered back. “ The coercion, however, must be illegal, unjust or oppressive.” (Deshong v. City of New York, 176 N. Y. 475 , 479.) The complaint alleges no facts showing that it was illegal, unjust dr oppressive for. the town to attempt to collect moneys apparently due to it from the Supervisor. The words “ wrongfully claimed ” state a mere conclusion and do not imply that defendant knew that plaintiff had expended the money for authorized town purposes. All that is alleged is consistent with threats to enforce what the town believed to be its legal rights, which do not constitute duress. (Benson v. Monroe, 61 Mass. 125 , 131.)

The order of the Appellate Division and that of the Special Term should be reversed, the question certified answered in the negative and the- complaint dismissed, with costs in all courts. The plaintiff may have thirty days in which to serve an amended complaint on payment of costs.

Pound, Ch. J., Crane, Lehman, Kellogg, O’Brien and Hubbs, JJ., concur; Crouch, J., dissents.

Ordered accordingly.

Cases cited

Tripler v. Mayor, Aldermen & Commonalty 125 N. Y. 617 N.Y. 1891-02-24 p. 321
Wood v. Amory 105 N. Y. 278 N.Y. 1887-04-19 p. 321
Hurlburt v. Durant 88 N. Y. 121 N.Y. 1882-02-28 p. 321
Brown v. Pierce 7 Wall. 205 SCOTUS p. 321
Dunham v. Griswold 100 N. Y. 224 N.Y. 1885-10-27 p. 321
Strong v. Grannis 26 Barb. 122 N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1857-12-07 p. 321
Knapp v. Hyde 60 Barb. 80 N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1869-12-06 p. 321
People v. Smith 234 N. Y. 515 N.Y. 1922-07-12 p. 321
Orinoco Realty Co. v. Bandler 233 N. Y. 24 N.Y. 1922-02-28 p. 321
McPherson v. Cox 86 N. Y. 472 N.Y. 1881-10-25 p. 321
Edgar A. Levy Leasing Co. v. Siegel 230 N. Y. 634 N.Y. 1921-03-08 p. 321
Hartville Oil Mill v. United States 271 U. S. 43 SCOTUS 1926-04-12 p. 321
City of New York v. Fox 232 N. Y. 167 N.Y. 1921-11-22 p. 322
Boyden v. United States 13 Wall. 17 SCOTUS p. 322
Upshaw v. Mutual Loan Ass'n 29 Misc. Rep. 143 N.Y. App. Term 1899-10-04 p. 322
Quincey v. White 63 N. Y. 370 N.Y. 1875-12-14 p. 322
Augustine v. Town of Brant 249 N. Y. 198 N.Y. 1928-11-20 p. 322
Deshong v. City of New York 176 N. Y. 475 N.Y. 1903-11-24 at 479 p. 322
Freeman v. Grant 132 N. Y. 22 N.Y. 1892-03-08 p. 322
Haviland v. Willets 141 N. Y. 35 N.Y. 1894-01-16 p. 322