Hyperlawhypertext legal databasebeta In re the Claim of Rosedietcher 33 N.Y.2d 377

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In re the Claim of Rosedietcher

33 N.Y.2d 377 Court N.Y. Decision date 1974-02-20 English

Delivered by Jasen, J.

Contents

Majority

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In the Matter of the Claim of Joseph Rosedietcher, Appellant. Louis L. Levine, as Industrial Commissioner, Respondent.
Argued January 15, 1974;
decided February 20, 1974.
p. 378
Mayer G. Freed. Marttie L. Thompson, Dennis B. Teager, E. Bichard Larson and Antone G. Singsen, III for appellant.
I. Claimant’s alleged misconduct bore no relationship to his job performance, which was concededly satisfactory throughout the period of his employment. II. The determination that failure to reveal an arrest record constitutes “ misconduct ” within the meaning of subdivision 3 of section 593 of the Labor Law violates claimant’s right to due process guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. (Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U. S. 578 ; Truax v. Raich, 239 U. S. 33 ; Greene v. McElroy, 360 U. S. 474 ; Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U. S. 398 ; Schware v. Board of Bar Examiners, 353 U. S. 232 .) III. The determination that failure to reveal an arrest record constitutes “ misconduct ” within the meaning of subdivision 3 of section 593 of the Labor Law deprives claimant of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. (Royster Guano Co. v. Virginia, 253 U. S. 412 ; Gregory v. Litton Systems, 316 F. Supp. 401 ; Carter v. Gallagher, 452 F. 2d 315 , 406 U. S. 950 ; Galvan v. Levine, 345 F. Supp. 67 ; Michelson v. United States, 335 U. S. 469 ; Simon v. United States, 123 F. 2d 80 , 314 U. S. 694 .) IV. Denial of unemployment insurance benefits to claimant encour
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ages the private employer’s illegal use of arrest records, thereby violating claimant’s right to privacy guaranteed by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, (Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U. S. 479 ; United States v. Kalish, 271 F. Supp. 968 ; Thom v. New York Stock Exch., 306 F. Supp. 1002 , affd. Per Curiam sub nom. Miller v. New York Stock Exch., 425 F. 2d 1074 , 398 U. S. 905 ; Menard v. Mitchell, 430 F. 2d 486 , 328 F. Supp. 718 .)
Louis J. Lefkowits, Attorney-General (Irving Jorrisch, Samuel A. Hirshowits and Murray Sylvester of counsel), for respondent.
I. There is no substantial constitutional issue directly involved. (Thom v. New York Stock Exch., 306 F. Supp. 1002 , affd. Per Curiam sub nom. Miller v. New York Stock Exch., 425 F. 2d 1074 , 398 U. S. 905 ; Winters v. Miller, 446 F. 2d 65 ; Matter of Miller [Levine], 37 A D 2d 873 , 29 N Y 2d 489 ; Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U. S. 479 ; Menard v. Mitchell, 328 F. Supp. 718 ; Gregory v. Litton Systems, 316 F. Supp. 401 ; Matter of Sabel v. Hults, 9 N Y 2d 987 ; Matter of Kemp v. Hults, 17 N Y 2d 191 , 785, 385 U. S. 17 .) II. The findings of the board that claimant lost his employment through misconduct in connection therewith is supported by substantial evidence. (Matter of Babe [Catherwood], 28 A D 2d 632 , 20 N Y 2d 645 ; Matter of Mirra [Catherwood], 31 A D 2d 703 ; Matter of Wright [Catherwood], 30 A D 2d 590 ; Matter of Leonardo v. Civil Serv. Comm. & Office Personnel of County of Monroe, 40 A D 2d 941 .)

We are called upon to decide whether the concealment of a prior arrest on an application for employment constitutes “ misconduct ” in connection with employment within the meaning of the Labor Law.

Claimant appeals as of right on constitutional grounds from an order of the Appellate Division which unanimously affirmed a decision of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board, sustaining the initial determination of the Industrial Commissioner disqualifying claimant from receiving unemployment benefits.

After claimant had been employed for approximately nine months as an audit clerk by a stockbrokerage firm, it was discovered that he had falsified his employment application by concealing the fact that he had been arrested one month before he had applied for employment. Because of this falsification,

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he was discharged. Upon applying for unemployment benefits, it was determined that claimant had been discharged because of misconduct in connection with his employment, and was, thus, ineligible for benefits. (Labor Law, § 593, subd. 3.)

The language of subdivision 3 of section 593 of the Labor Law is quite specific that a claimant shall be disqualified from receiving benefits where he has “ lost his last employment * * * through misconduct in connection with his employment ”. There can be little doubt that the intended meaning of the term “ misconduct ”, as used in this section, includes a willful, false statement as to a material fact on an application for employment. Certainly the employer, such as the stockbroker in this case, had a legitimate concern in knowing of a prospective employee’s background, including any brushes with the law, in order to intelligently pass on his character and integrity, as well as his fitness for the position he seeks. It should be perfectly obvious that an audit clerk for a stockbroker, handling hundreds of valuable securities daily, should be trustworthy. How else can such an employer evaluate a prospective employee’s trustworthiness without checking his prior conduct. Furthermore, as a member of the New York Stock Exchange, claimant’s employer was required to maintain personnel records of its employees, including records of arrests (Code Fed. Reg., tit. 17, § 240.17a-3, subd. [a], par. [12], cl. [i] [1971]) and to verify those records (New York Stock Exch. Rules, rule 345.19; see Thom v. New York Stock Exch., 306 F. Supp. 1002 , affd. sub nom. Miller v. New York Stock Exch., 425 F. 2d 1074 , cert. den. 398 U. S. 905 ). It was also imperative for the employer to inquire as to any prior arrests when it considered claimant for employment, as the duties of an audit clerk required that he be bonded.

While it is true that the mere fact that a person has been arrested proves very little (Schware v. Board of Bar Examiners, 353 U. S. 232 , 241), the answer to the question concerning prior arrests determines the necessity for further inquiry and investigation.

In sum, the employer’s interest required that claimant reveal the record of his arrest in this instance on his employment application in order that proper evaluation of his integrity and fitness for the position applied for could be made. Failure to do so

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constituted misconduct within the purview of the Unemployment Insurance Law and thereby disqualified claimant from receiving unemployment benefits.

The order of the Appellate Division should be affirmed.

Chief Judge Bbeitel and Judges Gabeielli, Jones, Wachtleb, Babin and Stevens concur.

Order affirmed, without costs.

Cases cited

Statutes and regulations cited