De Bock v. American Bridge Co.

lying north and south were three beams 12 inches'square and 40 feet long, each weighing about one ton. They were not fastened to the frame, and the middle one extended some three or four feet beyond the sides of the traveler. On the upper deck were two derricks—one on the northest and one on the northwest corner. These derricks consisted of a vertical rotating mast 12 by 14 inches and 30 or 35 feet high, and attached at the bottom and extending outward 60 feet was the boom. Each derrick was supported by two heavy wooden timbers called stiff legs, extending from the top of the mast to the opposite corners. After the erection of the last derrick and at the time of the accident to plaintiff’s intestate, the only flooring on the upper deck consisted of about six 16-foot planks laid across the three heavy timbers or beams. These planks were a foot wide and 2 inches thick, and each weighed about 100 pounds. They lapped over the middle beam. At the time of the accident to the plaintiff’s intestate, this flooring was about six feet wide; thus leaving the greater space on the upper deck uncovered. On the lower deck of this traveler were placed the engine, shafting, boiler, and machinery which were used in operating the derricks on the upper deck. The contrivance used for this purpose was the regular nigger-head and drum arrangement connected with the engine. Each derrick was supplied with a drum and two niggerheads. The use of the drum was to wind up the cable, and thus raise and lower the boom on the derrick, and the boom was held in its particular position by a dog which fitted into a ratchet. The lines which were used to raise and lower the loads on the booms were permanently attached to the drums and the niggerheads were used to wind up these lines, and thus raise and lower the load attached to the derrick.

On the day in question one Splan, the foreman in charge of the work for the defendant and under whom De Bock was employed, desiring to move a six-ton column in the basement or cellar of the building, ordered a line run for that purpose. Splan was in the cellar, and, in pursuance of his direction, the line was run from the engine down over the sill of the lower deck to a block in the basement, thence to the column to be moved. The rope which was used was not put through a block for the purpose of making the angle from the engine to the basement and over the sill of the traveler. Instead, the rope was allowed to come in direct contact with the wooden sill as it made the turn or dip from the lower deck to the basement. There were proper blocks furnished for this purpose, but none was used. Neither of the derricks was used in this operation, and both were idle. The running of the line was done by De Bock’s fellow workmen, and the foreman all the time was in the cellar. De Bock was an experienced workman, and had assisted in preparing a block to be used in the angle. The men down below could not see whether a block had been used or not. When the line was ready, signals were given to haul the column. The column pulled hard, and the rope as it went over the sill smoked and cut into the wood. The traveler trembled, although the evidence shows that such is the case whenever it is moving a load. While the column was being moved, the dog on the drum in some way slipped and allowed the boom of the northeast derrick to fall down. The fall

ing boom dislocated the mast from its socket, and the whole derrick, as well as the stiff leg supports, fell into the cellar or pit below. No one was injured by this collapse, and De Bock and Cobb remained on the lower deck of the traveler. Fully five minutes elapsed, when Splan, the foreman, called out: “You-.fellows go up, and see if the other derrick is all right.” It may be assumed that this order was intended for De Bock and Cobb, and in response to it they went aloft by means of a ladder at one corner of the traveler and started across the upper deck. They walked along one of the upper sills until the planking was reached and then on the planks. As they passed beyond the middle beam, the planking suddenly gave away, and both De Bock and Cobb were precipitated below, and the former was killed. Subsequent examination disclosed that one end of this middle 3,000-pound beam had shifted sidewise over a foot, thus leaving the middle planking unsupported.

It is claimed by the respondent that the running of the line ovei the sill added largely to the vibration of the traveler, and may have been responsible for the shifting of the be'am. We think such a conclusion against the weight of the evidence. The mast and- its outrigging supports were painted yellow, and on the side of the timber and adjacent to the derrick were yellow paint marks and bruises of some size after the accident, indicating that these supports must have struck this beam in their descent. This cause for the shifting of the beam is far more reasonable than that it was due to vibration, which theory is dependent upon expert testimony. However, the question is not very important. The collapse of the derrick inflicted no injury upon any of the workmen. Several minutes passed and it was a closed incident. Splan, the foreman,- was in the basement, and could not see that the beam had been displaced. He had no intimation of any change in the location of that heavy timber, and had no reason to anticipate that it had been shifted one or two feet. De Bock and -Cobb were under this beam. They had an unobstructed view above them. They were men familiar with the business—experienced in steel construction. They, knew that Splan had not made any inspection of the conditions on the upper deck. He had a right to place some reliance upon the capability of these men. He sent them on a tour of inspection. In the circumstances he was not remiss in failing to ascertain the situation before sending these men upon the planking. If the falling of the derrick had rendered the situation more hazardous, he was justified in assuming that these competent men in close proximity to the place where the difficulty arose would appreciate it far better than he could from the basement.

Assuming that the defendant was negligent in not having a block for the cable to pass through, and that such omission was the master’s duty -instead of the act of a fellow servant or a detail of the work, and that the collapse of the derrick may be attributed to that defect, still we think no actionable negligence of the defendant was established. A new situation had arisen independent of the original negligence. The beam was out of place, no matter

what caused it. The displacement was due to extraordinary conditions not to be reasonably apprehended and of which the foreman had no knowledge. It is mere speculation to say that, had the planks been spiked to the beam, it would have remained stationary, although' the weight of the evidence is decidedly to the effect that they were spiked to this center beam. The planks were heavy, and the construction was safe, except for the extraordinary catastrophe which occurred. Had this been a danger which might have been foreseen, a different rule might prevail. It was an unfortunate accident, but the legal responsibility of the defendant for it does not appear. The judgment should be reversed.

Judgment and order reversed, and a new trial granted upon the law and facts, with costs to the appellant to abide event. All concur.