Knoch v. Funke

■exercise. The practice of requiring security for costs (like that of allowing persons to sue informa pauperis) originated in the equitable doctrines of the court of chancery controlling its own process and proceedings for the purpose of doing justice and preventing injustice. It was adopted by the late supreme court of this state by rule 14, January, 1798. In the Revised Statutes (2 Rev. St., 1st Ed., 619, 620) the practice was sanctioned by statute for all the courts, and made more positive by the words “the defendant may require” such plaintiff,, etc., to file security. See note of the revisers explaining the statutory adoption of the practice. It was perfectly well settled under the Revised Statutes that the power of the court was not limited by these provisions. People v. Common Pleas, 18 Wend. 652 . The supreme ■court in equity supplemented the statute by a rule of practice, which forbids ■even the filing of a bill in a case where defendant would be entitled to security for costs, until security had first been given, unless the suit could be prosecuted by a solicitor, in which case the solicitor should be liable to the .amount of $100. See Sup. Ct. Rule Ho. 2 of 1847. The old equity jurisdiction of the courts was presented by the Code, (section 217,) so that the powers theretofore exercised may be used now. The inherent power of the court, even in actions at law, was equally well established as unrestrained by the statute. In Swift v. Collins, 1 Denio, 659 , which was an action of assumpsit, a motion by defendant for security for costs was made (although the plaintiffs resided within the state) on the ground that they were insolvent, and a nonresident claimed to be the owner of the demand. Defendant’s counsel ■claimed that the case was within the equity of the statute. Plaintiff’s counsel relied on the fact which plaintiff’s counsel here relies on, that it was not within the words of the statute. The order was granted. The court, by Beardsley, J., following People v. Common Pleas, supra, said: “It is not necessary to inquire whether this case is within the words of the statute, for ■the power to require security for costs is inherent in the court.” In this instance the representative of a deceased defendant is involuntarily brought into a litigation by a new proceeding instituted for the purpose, and the ■estate he represents should be reasonably protected as to costs of defense. Requiring security in an action by or against an executor is purely discretionary, (Code, § 3271; Tolman v. Railroad Co., 92 N. Y. 353 ; Fish v. Wing, 1 Civil Proc. R. 231;) and security in such cases may be required even pending an appeal, (Gedney v. Purdy, 47 N. Y. 676 ; Gifford v. Rising, 48 Hun, 128 ; Bank v. Silliman, 4 Abb. N. C. 224 .) The right to continue a •suit in equity, under section 757 of the Code, is not absolute and unqualified, but must be determined according to settled equitable considerations. Coit v. Campbell, 82 N. Y. 509 ; Lyon v. Park, 111 N. Y. 350 , 18 N. E. Rep. 863 ; Hayes v. Nourse, 114 N. Y. 595 , 22 N. E. Rep. 40 . The court, in the ■exercise of its equitable jurisdiction, had the power (in reviving the action) to attach the condition that the plaintiff give security. The order was properly made, and the motion for reargument must be denied, with $10 costs.