Shrump v. Parfitt

Headnote

Arbitration and Award—Findings not within Submission.

A finding not within the submission will not vitiate the award, where it is severable, and may be rejected without affecting the rest.

Appeal from special term.

Action by Frederick W. Shrump against Walter E. Parfitt. From a judgment entered on the award of arbitrators in favor of plaintiff, and from an order confirming the award and denying a motion to vacate it, defendant appeals.

Affirmed.

The opinion of Mr. Justice GAYNOR at special term is as "follows:

The defendant objects to the award upon the ground that the arbitrators exceeded their powers. If they did not exceed their powers,—in other words, if they kept within their jurisdiction,—their award is unassailable, unless for corruption, fraud, or like misconduct, and will not be set aside for errors of law or of fact on their part. Fudickar v. Insurance Co., 62 N. Y. 392 ; Masury v. Whiton, 111 N. Y. 679 , 18 N. E. 638 ; Herbst v. Hagenaers, 137 N. Y. 290 , 33 N. E. 315 ; Code Civ. Proc. § 2374. After rejecting the stones, the defendant mutilated them by knocking off the corner or a piece

of the molding of each with a hammer. In his capacity of architect he had the power, and it was his duty, to reject stones unfit and not in accordance with the contract. It was submitted to the arbitrators by the arbitration agreement to determine (1) the number of stones rejected and injured with the hammer as above stated; (2) the value of .each stone after rejection and before the injury; (3) the damage done by reason of the said acts. The arbitrators have precisely determined these three things by their findings numbered 12, 13, 16, which correspond in so many words to the propositions submitted. If they had made no other finding, ingenuity could suggest no-objection to their award, within the narrow limits allowable. They have specifically found in addition, and unnecessarily, that the defendant had no right to arbitrarily reject stones; that he did not reject any by marking them with a pencil; that he did not notify the plaintiff! of the rejection of the stones before breaking or mutilating them; that he arbitrarily mutilated them; and substantially, that those he so mutilated were fit, and therefore (by implication) arbitrarily rejected. I do not see, and cannot say, that these findings necessarily affected the result. They were irrelevant, and, so long as the award was within the jurisdiction of the arbitrators, are not to be regarded. The contention for the defendant is that the mere rejection of the stones, whether they were fit or unfit, made them useless, except to be broken up for rubble, for which use their value would be only $34.50, as is found; and that, as the chipping off of the comers or moldings could not, affect their value for this use, the defendant did them no damage. The reason, it is said, why rejection would make them nearly valueless, is that, as they were fashioned for this particular church tower, they could be used for nothing else except rubble, as it is altogether improbable that any tower exactly like it will ever be built. The arbitrators, as we have seen, were made the judges of what the stones were worth after rejection and before being mutilated; and as it is plain that in determining such value, as they did in so many words, it mattered not whether they were rejected arbitrarily or in good faith, the finding that they were rejected arbitrarily, and the similar findings, are of no consequence. The rejection is what affected their value by destroying their use, and not the good or bad faith with which they were rejected. Hence it cannot be assumed that the arbitrators found that they were worth more after being rejected arbitrarily than if they had been rejected in good faith. Some of the stones broken by the defendant were already laid, and by finding 15 it is determined that the plaintiff was damaged $100, the cost of relaying other stones in their place. I do not see how this comes within the submission; but, as it is severable, it may be rejected, letting the rest stand. 137 N. Y. 296 , 33 N. E. 315 , supra. The basis which the arbitrators had to take by the submission—for so it is therein set down—was that the stones were rejected before they were mutilated, and the only measure of damage allowed to them was the injury to the stone after rejection. The basis for the finding of $100 damage was that the stones were fit, and should not have been rejected, and their rejection damaged the plaintiff to the extent of the cost of relaying other stones in their place. In the same way it may be urged that the finding that all of the stones were fit affected the award of the arbitrators. But, as has been seen, it cannot be certainly said, if at all, that it affected their determination of the value of the stones after rejection and before being mutilated. That determination of value included the laid stones which were mutilated, and all, and was well made, and it was as far as they could go. But, leaving aside what has been said above, it would be sufficient to say that, if the language df the award enabled the court to say that the arbitrators considered the arbitrary rejection of the stones as increasing their value after rejection over what it would be if they had been properly rejected (a thing too absurd to be attributed to them, the stones being intrinsically of the same value in either case), it was, after all, only an error of law on their part, and, as has been seen, the court may not regard it. The award is also objected to on the ground that it is not definite and final, but no reason or particular therefor is assigned. The award is confirmed to the extent of $1,317.93.