Collins v. Mooney

This action was brought against the defendant Mooney as owner, and the defendant Gerken as lessee, of the premises No. 57 Beach street, in the city of New York. Upon the trial the court‘dismissed the complaint as to the defendant Gerken, and the jury rendered a verdict in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant Mooney.

The defendant Mooney had been the owner- of the premises No. 57 Beach street, in the city of New York, since 1874. The building was constructed in 1875, and is a five-story and cellar tenement, with two stores on the street floor; the floors above being rented out as apartments, two families being on each floor. ‘Between the building line and the sidewalk is a stoop or platform, raised from 2 to 2£ inches above the sidewalk. Along the outer edge of this platform, and level with its surface, runs a coping. Upon this platform was an opening into the cellar, and in front of this opening, projecting 5 •inches beyond the main coping, and on a level with it, is the riser or first step of the cellar entrance. The outside line of the platform is within 5 feet of the front of the house, and the riser of the cellar entrance is 5 feet 3 or 4 inches from the house line. At the time mentioned in the complaint the defendant Gerken occupied as a monthly tenant the easterly store of this building, and used the same as a grocery store. In front of the store, and upon this platform, he had some of his goods displayed. For some considerable time prior to the happening of the accident the plaintiff had been in the habit of going to this store for groceries, and upon the occasion in question she had visited the store for the purpose of making purchases. She desired to buy some potatoes, and she says that she started to go out, and the clerk was selling some potatoes to another woman, so she went to buy' potatoes from him, and, as soon as she went out, the stone tripped her, and broke her right leg. In another part of her testimony she says:

“When I went to stand outside the door, as soon as I stood, the stone tripped me, and broke my right leg. The leg remained where it was, and then the stone knocked me over, and I fell on my back on the street.”

The witness further testified that she was sure she was on the stoop when she broke her leg; that she went to stand by the barrel, and, as soon as she went to stand, the stone tripped her, and she broke her leg; that she was not walking at the time, but standing still, and fell down. In another place she says that she did not slip on the sidewalk; that the sidewalk was clean and the coping was clean. In yet another place she says:

“I was not on the sidewalk, but inside of the sidewalk, on the stoop; just came out of the grocery store door, and turned at the barrel to get potatoes. I did not step off this little platform; that I am sure of; and I was on it when I stubbed my toe.”

Although the testimony of the plaintiff is somewhat confusing, it would appear that, having been a frequent visitor to the store in question, she must have been familiar with the premises; that she came out of the store, and walked along the stoop, paying no attention whatever to where she was going, in her desire to get to the barrel of potatoes; and that she in some way slipped and fell, and met with the injuries proven. It is difficult to see upon what theory the defendant in this action could be held responsible for injuries sustained under these circumstances. The case seems to have been tried, and is presented to this court, upon the theory that the defendant had placed an obstruction upon the sidewalk, and that the plaintiff, as a passerby, was injured by reason of that obstruction. But the evidence does not sustain any such theory. The plaintiff was a customer of the store occupied by the defendant Mooney’s tenant. She was engaged in making purchases there. She went out of the store, and upon the stoop, for the purpose of examining goods which were there displayed for sale; and while there she does not seem to have taken any care whatever to see where she was going, and she fell, it may be by reason of her foot slipping from the coping mentioned. The construction in question was not shown upon the trial to be a dangerous one. It clearly appears that the plaintiff was familiar with the situation, that she took no heed to her steps, and that she was injured by some mishap which is not delineated with any particular clearness in the evidence. These cir- " cumstances seem to bring the case within the principle laid down in the case of Larkin v. O’Neill, 119 N. Y. 221 , 23 N. E. 563 . In that case the plaintiff fell down a stairway in the defendant’s store, part of which was carpeted and part uncarpeted; and the court said:

“There is no proof in the case from which it could be found that the defendant neglected any duty that he owed to the plaintiff. She was not exposed to any unreasonable or concealed danger. She fell while walking down a broad carpeted stairway, between 4 and 5 o’clock in the afternoon. There was nothing in the manner in which the stairs were constructed, used, or kept from which such a result could be reasonably anticipated. It is quite probable that the accident occurred from slipping, or by a misstep by the plaintiff; but, whatever caused the injury, it is quite clear that it could not be attributed to any want of care on the part of the defendant.”

It is not necessary to discuss the question as to what would have been the plaintiff’s status had she been a passenger along the sidewalk, and suffered injury in consequence of the existence of an unlawful obstruction maintained by the defendant appellant. As already stated, she was not such a passenger, but was a customer of the store of the defendant’s tenant; and it was while engaged in making purchases in and about the store that the accident happened. She was attempting to look at goods displayed upon the stoop or platform in front of the premises when she made the misstep and fell. The fact-that the riser in front of the cellar projected a few inches upon the sidewalk in no manner contributed to the accident, because the evidence distinctly' shows that when it happened she was walking, not on the sidewalk, but on the raised platform in front of the premises, and it was from there that she fell.

We think, therefore, that no cause of action was made out as against the appellant, and that the judgment and order as to him should be reversed, and a new trial ordered, with costs to the appellant to abide the event. All concur.