People v. Long Island Railroad — 34 N.Y. St. Rep. 715

Majority

p. 715

The People, Resp’ts, v. The Long Island R. R. Co , App’lt.

(Supreme Court, General Term, Second Department,

Filed December 8, 1890.)

Headnote

1. Railroads—Laws 1884, char. 489, § 3.—Penal Code, § 154.

As § 3 of chap. 439, Laws 1884, prescribes no penalty for disobedience of any order made under its authority, obedience to an order made thereunder must be enforced under § 154, Penal Code.

2. Same—Costitutional law.

Section 3 of chap. 439, Laws 1884, is not unconstitutional as delegating legislative powers to the judges. It merely provides a means of determining the necessity of a flagman or gate at a particular place, and when such necessity is found the law requires their presence.

(Barnard, P. J., dissents.)

Appeal from judgment of conviction rendered against defendant at a court of sessions.

Defendant was indicted for a misdemeanor in willfully omitting to operate certain gates erected at some street crossings in Sag Harbor. It was convicted and a fine of $500 was imposed.

H. B. Hinsdale, for app’lt; Wilmot M. Smith, dist att’y, for resp’ts.

“At any point where a street, highway, turnpike, plank road or travelled way is crossed at the same level by a railroad, or at any point where a horse railroad is crossed by a steam railroad, the supreme court or county judge may, upon the application of the local authorities, and upon ten days’ notice to the railroad corporation whose road so crosses, order that a flagman be stationed at such point or that gates shall be erected across such street, highway, turnpike or plank road, and that a person be stationed to open and close such gates when an engine or train passes, or make such other order respecting the same as it deems proper. Such order shall only be made after the refusal or neglect of such corporation to station such flagmen or erect such gates, after having been requested so to do by such local authorities.'’ Chap. 439 of the Laws of 1884, § 3.

The Long Island Eailroad Company operates a portion of its railroad through the village of Sag Harbor, and under the statute above recited the county judge of Suffolk county, on the tenth day of January, 1887, made an order requiring the Long Island Eailroad Company to immediately erect gates across the travelled roadway of Bridge street, in that village, on the southerly side of the main track of the company, and also across the travelled roadway of Water street, in the same village, and to station a person or persons, from May 1st to November 1st in each year, at or near such gates, to open and close the same when an engine or train passed or repassed.

The gates were erected in obedience to such order, but upon complaint of neglect and omission to operate the same an indictment was found by the grand jury of Suffolk county against the company for a wilful omission to station a person at or near such gates to open and close them when engines and trains were passing.

A trial was had under such indictment and the company was convicted and fined $500 for such offense.

p. 716

From, that conviction the company has appealed.

The indictment was based upon § 154 of the Penal.Code, which is as follows : “ Where any duty is or shall be enjoined by law upon any public officer or upon any person holding a public trust or employment, every wilful omission to perform such duty, where no special provision shall have been made for the punishment of such delinquency, is punishable as a misdemeanor.”

The section of the law placed at the head of this opinion prescribes no penalty for disobedience of any order made by the county judge and provides no method for its enforcement, and, therefore, so far as any order is made in pursuance of its provisions imposing a duty upon any public officer or any person or corporation holding a public trust or employment, obedience thereto must be enforced under § 154 of the Penal Code.

Under such construction and application of the statutes the indictment charges an offense, and is sufficient to sustain the conviction.

The great objection to § 3 of the Laws of 1884 is that it delegates legislative power to the judges, and is, therefore, unconstitutional.

It is quite true that the duty of posting flagmen and placing gates at railway crossings can only be imposed by the legislature, but as we understand, the statute in question it only provides a means to determine the necessity of a'flagman or a gate at any particular place, and when such necessity is found by the judge the law requires their presence. In the same way the legislature must authorize the location and construction of railroads ; but there is a statute which prohibits the construction of a railroad upon and along any highway without the order of the supreme court, Laws of 1864, chap. 582, but it has never been supposed that any legislative power was delegated to the court by that statute.

Such laws are only designed to provide for a judicial determination of the cases in which legislative enactments shall have operation, or, in other words, to determine the necessity for such operation.

In relation to the indictment and the testimony, we find both sufficient to sustain the conviction, which should be affirmed.

Pratt, J., concurs; Barnard, P.'J., dissents.