p. 635Hampton Dodge, Resp’t, v. Henry Weill, App’lt.(Supreme Court, General Term, Fifth Department,Headnote
Witness—Cross-examination.Allowing irrelevant questions to be put on cross-examination is reversible error, if it tends to prejudice the jury.
Appeal from a judgment entered on a verdict in favor of plaintiff, and from an order denying a motion for a new trial, made on the minutes of the court.
Moses Shire, for app’lt; S. S. Rogers, for resp’t.
The action was to recover the amount of certain commissions alleged to have been earned by the plaintiff under a special contract with the defendant to pay him per centum of the purchase price of all lands the sale of which to the defendant should be procured by the plaintiff. The question presented by this appeal is purely a question of fact, upon which the verdict of the jury was, as we think, so far contrary to the just effect of the evidence as to have justified the granting of the defendant’s motion for a new trial at the circuit, even though that question was properly submitted to the jury. Colt v. Sixth Ave. R. R. Co., 49 N. Y. 671 ; Smith v. Ætna L. Ins Co, 49 N. Y. 211 ; Kaare v. Troy Steel & Iron Co., 139 N. Y. 869 ; 54 St. Rep. 653 . The plaintiff’s theory of the contract, under the circumstances of the case, was such as to suggest a careful scrutiny of the testimony bearing upon the question of its performance by the plaintiff. The latter is the question upon which, as we think, the testimony, as it stands in the record before us, fails to support to the full extent the verdict which was rendered. On this question the testimony of each of the parties to the action is directly opposed to that of the other, and at the same time the testimony of several of the vendors in the contracts of sale alleged to have been procured through the agency of the plaintiff not only fails to support, but, on the other hand, directly contradicts, his testimony in that behalf. Upon this question, material to the plain
p. 636tiff’s recovery, the burden of proof, which was upon him, was plainly not successfully borne in respect to several of the items embraced in the verdict, and for that reason the motion, for a new trial should have been granted. There was, besides, evidence received in the case, under the objection of the defendant, to which there is reason to apprehend that undue weight and effect was given. The defendant, when on his cross-examination, was subjected to the inquiry as to what profits he finally made on sales of the several pieces of land for the purchase of which commissions were claimed. The questions were objected to generally, without specifying any ground of objection. The evidence was clearly impertinent to the question which was litigated on the trial. Its apparent object and probable effect were to create the impression in the minds of the jury that the defendant could well afford to make a small dividend of profits to the plaintiff. It is true that the complaint in the action, in stating the alleged oral contract of the defendant, adds to the allegation of an agreement to pay commissions the following: “ And that, if purchases turned out well, plaintiff should have a handsome percentage on the profits besides.” But when a bill of particulars of the plaintiff’s claim was demanded and supplied, there was no mention of any claim for a share of the profits. When the plaintiff had the case, no evidence was given or proposed in support of such a claim; and when the case was submitted to the jury this partial allegation was equally disregarded. It must be understood, therefore, that the cause was not tried upon the theory that there was any such issue in the case, and, if the evidence in question had been objected to on the ground that the claim was not in the bill of particulars, its admission would certainly have been error. If its admission now escapes that condemnation, the evidence itself does not escape animadversion, as having probably tended to create an unfair prejudice in the minds of the jury, and to produce a verdict, to some extent at least, against the just weight of the evidence in the case.
The judgment and order appealed from should be reversed, and a new trial granted, with‘costs to abide the event.
All concur. So ordered.