Bank of Port Jervis v. Darling

—The plaintiff in this action presented a claim to the defendants, based upon a promissory note, of which the following is a copy:

“ $2,900. Port Jervis, New York, Jan. 2, 1894.

“Thirty days after date, I promise to pay to the order of Bank of Port Jervis twenty-nine hundred dollars at the bank of Port Jervis. Value received,

WILLIAM 0. GOULD.”

Before the note was. delivered to the plaintiff, it was indorsed by the defendants’ testator, Jeremiah Darling, for the purpose of giving the maker credit with the bank. Darling died on the 18th day of January, 1894, and letters testamentary were issued to the defendants, as his executors, on the 12th day of February, 1894. The note fell due on the 5th day of February, 1894, and was protested for nonpayment on that day, of which the maker was duly notified. The notices of protest were made by the notary who protested1 the note,— one to J. Darling, and one to the estate of J. Darling. Both notices were inclosed 'in an envelope, and directed to the estate of J. Darling, Stony Brook, L. I., his place of residence before he died. The president of the bank had knowledge of the death of the indorser, but failed, upon inquiry, to ascertain whether he left any will or had any personal representative. The notices of protest were not received by the defendants. On the loth day of February, 1894, the cashier of the bank called upon Charles T. Darling, one of the executors; and, after ascertaining that he was one of the executors, left with him a notice of the protest of the.note. When the note became due, the maker, Gould, had a general deposit balance in the bank of $123.78; and on February 14, 1894, he deposited $302.40, without any special direction as to the application thereof. On the 15th day of February, 1894, the bank applied both of these sums to the payment of notes indorsed or made by Gould, which fell due after February 14, 1894, and checks of Gould were given therefor. The claim was rejected by the executors, and referred to a referee for a determination, under the statute. The referee decided in favor of the plaintiff, but deducted the sum of $123.78 from the claim, and directed judgment for $2,776.22, with interest. Costs were denied to the plaintiff by the court, and the plaintiff 'has appealed from that order, and also from so much of the judgment as fails to allow the plaintiff $123.78, applied by it to payment of other paper of Gould. The defendants have appeal from the judgment.

The first question presented by the defendants has reference to the corporate existence and capacity of'the plaintiff, the contention being that the bank has ceased to exist. The facts upon which this contention is based are these : In the year 1889 all acts requisite and essential to the organization of a state bank were done by it, except the filing in the Suffolk county clerk’s office, within the year, of an affidavit of the payment of the capital stock, as required by the statute. Such an affidavit was filed with the bank superintendent on the 18th day of July, 1889'; and thereupon the bank commenced business, and has continued to do the usual business of banking, such as receiving deposits of money, discounting notes and bills, and making collections. The bank had many transactions with both Gould and Darling be

The next question has reference to the peculiar form of the note. It is made payable to the bank, and upon the face of the paper itself, the presumption would arise that Darling intended only to assume the liability of a second indorser. For the purpose of overcoming that presumption, the plaintiff proved, and the referee found that, before the delivery of the note to the bank, the testator of the defendants indorsed the same for the purpose of giving credit to the maker, Gould, with the bank, and that thereafter the bank discounted the note. The defendants* testator, therefore, became liable to the bank as indorser of the note.

The defendants further insist that no sufficient notice of protest of the note was given. The facts upon which the question depends "for determination have been recited. The demand of payment was sufficient, and no personal notice of the nonpayment could have been given, because the indorser was dead. The notice was sent to his place» of residence, and although, in such cases,- notice is required to be left at the domicile of the-deceased, we are not prepared to hold the notice made here as insufficient. Stony Brook was the domicile of the deceased indorser, and notice was sent there. True, it was directed to his; estate, but no other direction would be more likely to bring it to his family. His executors were not known to the bank, and, as soon as they were ascertained, they were notified. The law never requires impossibilities. Reasonable diligence is all that is required. Ho evil has resulted from the course pursued, and the-law does not exact every possible exertion which might have been made to effect notice of the dishonor of the paper.

In the case of Willis v. Green, 5 Hill, 232 , which was much like this case, it was said in the opinion :

“ If the notice relied upon for that .purpose had been sent to-the proper place, no doubt it would have been sufficient, under the circumstances of this case, though directed to Johnson after his death.”

Stewart v. Eden, 2 Caines, 121; Bank v. Birch, 17 Johns. 25 .

Upon reason and authority, the notice must be deemed sufficient.

In relation to the appeal of the plaintiff, our conclusion is that the sum of $123.78 was improperly deducted from the amount,

The judgment is to be modified in accordance with this opinion, and, as so modified, affirmed, with costs.

All concur.