The Minister may authorize the payment of one-half of the expense incurred by an owner or occupier in constructing and maintaining any fish-way or canal and, after a fish-way or canal that has been duly approved by the Minister has been built at the cost of the owner or occupier of any obstruction, or after the owner or occupier has paid one-half the cost thereof and the fish-way or canal thereafter proves to be ineffective, the total cost of any change in the fish-way or canal or any new fish-way or canal required to enable the fish to pass by the obstruction shall, except as provided in subsection 20(3), be paid by Her Majesty.